Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a rare condition mainly affecting the food pipe or esophagus—a muscular tube connecting the mouth and stomach. When affected by EoE, certain white blood cells called eosinophils grow exponentially in the esophageal lining, causing inflammation. While the precise cause of the condition is unknown, it is believed to be a reaction to allergens like foods and environmental irritants or a result of allergic diseases like hay fever, eczema, and asthma.
Common signs
1. Trouble swallowing food
EoE makes it hard to swallow food due to inflammation in the muscular tube. This symptom is called dysphagia. So, those with EoE may get the sensation that the food, solids, in particular, is stuck in the throat. This can make one avoid eating. If the condition worsens, it can actually result in food impaction (food stuck in the throat) or choking, where medical intervention may be required.
2. Chest pain and acid reflux
Another common sign of eosinophilic esophagitis is acid reflux, which causes symptoms like heartburn, chest pain, and regurgitation. The chest pain, which can feel sharp or intense, is often localized behind the breastbone. A condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) also causes similar symptoms, making one often mistake EoE for GERD. So, upon experiencing persistent acid reflux symptoms, one should seek a diagnosis to determine the exact cause.
3. Abdominal pain
Another common sign of eosinophilic esophagitis is abdominal pain, which could manifest as mild discomfort or severe aches. This symptom adds to the overall discomfort associated with EoE.
4. Irritability
When dealing with EoE, children, in particular, may get easily worked up and refuse to cooperate during mealtimes due to the discomfort associated with eating. Here, one may notice issues feeding an infant. In children, the condition can also lead to developmental delays, making it critical to seek timely medical intervention upon noticing such signs.
5. Nausea
Those with EoE may feel nauseous while eating. Children with the condition may also experience vomiting. Consequently, people affected may avoid certain foods that seem to trigger the symptoms.
6. Hoarseness and cough
Compromised esophageal health and inflammation in the region can cause hoarseness. Additionally, EoE may lead to coughing, especially at night, which does not seem to get better with home remedies.
